Accessibility Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Accessibility - Essay Example Since websites are most rife at the technology interface available to general public, web development technology specific accessibility options are given special importance in the context of this rule. (Lazar and Olalere 2011) The Section 508 is having significant impact. Websites of both government and non government organizations, particularly those working in the sphere of human services, may call for processes such as live chat, online support service, video conference, etc. In absence of proper scope to use wider accessibility options, such websites may become useless to users who have disabilities. Section 508 articulates that how IT systems and applications can be made more user-friendly. Consequently, it sets a legal and technical roadmap before the website developers, which defines how they can ensure numerous and better accessibility options in the websites they design.... For example, a website may have a wide appearance when viewed with the help of a computer; but it will appear in a sleek, oblong from when viewed with the help of a mobile phone. (U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs 2013; Seffah and Javahery 2004) Section 508 and Its Impact In USA, Section 508 of Rehabilitation Act (1973) was legislated in 1998 by the means of an amendment. The main motive behind this law is to get rid of barriers in information technology (IT) systems, which people with disabilities confront in general. It also aims at developing techniques that would make it plausible and easier for people with disabilities to have equal opportunity to access information. Since websites are most rife at the technology interface available to general public, web development technology specific accessibility options are given special importance in the context of this rule. (Lazar and Olalere 2011) The Section 508 is having significant impact. Websites of both government and non govern ment organizations, particularly those working in the sphere of human services, may call for processes such as live chat, online support service, video conference, etc. In absence of proper scope to use wider accessibility options, such websites may become useless to users who have disabilities. Section 508 articulates that how IT systems and applications can be made more user-friendly. Consequently, it sets a legal and technical roadmap before the website developers, which defines how they can ensure numerous and better accessibility options in the websites they design. Available Tools for Compliance Testing The World Wide Web Consortium or W3C provides an efficient Section 508 compliance checking

Factor behind the fall of communism in Eastern Europe Essay

Factor behind the fall of communism in Eastern Europe - Essay Example Communisms can also be well-defined as the principle of the circumstances of the public or waged people. This is a category of people in the society who live totally from the sale of their labour without profit and capital gains.   The proletariat in a word is the working class of the 19th  century. The lay man’s understanding of communism is that it is the rule of the gun in which the elite minority control the masses through all manner of oppression and exploitation, it started in 1945 and ended in 1991. Before the end of cold war in 1991 the world was divided into two blocs the Eastern and the Western (Western Europe and America). The Eastern Bloc which was the communist comprised of the Soviet Union, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Romania, East Germany, Hungry and Yugoslavia, with Poland being the largest communist country  apart from the Soviet Union however there were other communist  countries outside Europe such as Cuba (Levesque, 2010, p. 7). Many factors were respon sible for the collapse of communism, in this essay only three are explored namely nationalism, economic and ideology. Great emphasis is placed on economic as the main cause that affected Eastern Europe. Communism collapsed in 1989 and the iron curtain was dismantled with the demolition of the Berlin wall (Zubok, 2010, p.7). A long period of silence existed known as the cold war and set the world in two separate blocs the western and the eastern plus their allies. The standoff resulted into tension, suspicion, anxiety and fear among the rivaling blocs. An opaque situation existed known as the Iron Curtains that promoted heinous acts of oppression, nepotism, corruption and lack of accountability between the two blocs. This resulted into separation of Europe with a manmade Berlin wall. The insecurity and tension felt on both sides led to the nuclear arms race giving rise to the development of defense organizations in Europe i.e. the WARSAW pact and the NETO (Howard, 2003, p. 10). Befor e looking at the factors that led to the overthrow of communism

Art Gallery Essay Example for Free

Art Gallery Essay In completion of this assignment the art gallery that I chose to visit was Mark Gallery in Englewood New Jersey. When you walk up to the establishment there are floor to ceiling glass windows that allow you to see everything inside. Facing the gallery there were so many colors that enticed you to enter. The arrangements and art work was spaced out nicely not causing clutter. This allowed you to individually take in each piece on by itself. All of the pieces were very nice but the artist that caught my attention was Mr. Mark Oberndorf. Oberndorf was born in New York but is currently residing in Bergren County New Jersey. He is a contemporary realist painter. Since the age of 10 he has been interested in the visual arts. At an early age some of his beginning works were illustrating his school yearbook to painting murals on his elementary school building. From 1995 to present Oberndorf has had art in various group and solo exhibitions and galleries. Currently his work is currently represented by Mark Gallery of Englewood New Jersey and Westwood Gallery in Westwood New Jersey. I found several of his pieces interesting because they were so basic. Not meaning they did not have levels or dimensions but they put me in the mind of simpler times and relatable memories. His pieces display three dimensional effects on a two dimensional surface with natural lighting effects. All painting are created with oil on linen canvass. Such pieces as the â€Å"Wyckoff Train Station†, â€Å"Dairy Queen† and â€Å"Gas† all represent the Bergren County area and parts of New York prior to the gentrification phase. â€Å"Gas† depicts an old two pump station as you would see it in the 1970’s. The piece of the â€Å"Dairy Queen† shows the classic franchise that was shaped somewhat of a barn prior to the new modernized look you may see today. I can remember as a kid having one of these in our neighborhood. We frequently visited it for a Sunday cone after attending church. I could not wait to stand in line for my soft serve on a cone. Lastly the â€Å"Wyckoff Train Station† is truly a classic single standing building not so big on the side of the tracks. Much dated compared to the enormous train stations and subway stations you see in the big cities such as New York. Through viewing these pieces I would think this is his way of holding on to a piece of history, before all common landmarks that held tradition and memories were torn down. Prior to gentrification in many of our communities there were several sites or establishments that were a common thread to our community. Be it the mom and pop store on the corner to the old fashioned ice cream stand. Gentrification has erased these things with more modernized establishments that help to bring economic wealth for some but forces others out of the neighborhoods and communities that they have been a part of for quite some time.

Most Important Digital Device We Own Information Technology Essay

Most Important Digital Device We Own Information Technology Essay The one thing that constant in this world is change. Change happens everywhere. Information technologies and the system are changing day by day. The new technologies are faster, reliable and accurate than the previous time. The scope of Information management system is increasingly becoming wider. In business field, people are giving interest to paper-less and automated work rather than manual work. Recent developments in mobile technologies have produced a new kind of device: Smart phones. Smart phones are, simply, programmable mobile phones, which supports subtle control over the events taking place in the mobile phones. The main characteristics of these Smart phones are their relatively sophisticated sensing capabilities, storage limit and built-in networking, local and remote data transfer, and so on. Can Smart phones be the most reliable, faster and successful in future? people are giving a lot of concerns about the Smart phones. The trend of mobile banking, bill payment and access of internet and so forth are changing. People are choosing mobile phones rather than paying manually to pay the bills and dues. Transferring funds and bills payment can be done by just making confirm over the smart phones. The access to the internet and the supports of the operating system in smart phones is making significantly different in services. The objectives on the reliability and effectiveness of the Smart phones are as follows: The speed and supports on internet access must be faster enough. Fully control mechanism supports with sensing capability, and storage capacity of the phones needs to be higher. User friendly to access the domain of data in real time. It should fully support Data protection and security of the users information. Up to date with the technologies, operating system and updates. Critical analysis: One of the important aspects of the smart phones is data security and privacy of the users information. They are likely to be successful in future but some of the limitations do not leave it to be perfection in future. In past history, there are a lot of examples that the smart phones were hacked by the hacker and the reveal of the information being occurred. These can create serious problem for the users. Another issue is flexible control. As full-fledged computer, smart phones, generally programmable to actively interact with subjects, record, data and communication should be able to send this information back to the users in real time. We can be sure that the development in smart phone technology will improve the way of doing things easier, effective and reliable. The smart phones will replace previously employed methods such as beepers, diaries, and other valuable devices. The connection to the server and the access to the internet need to be secured. Generally, the misuse of data can be harmful to the users, the security of the information and avoiding of unauthorized explore of information have to be minimized. Application: Smart Phones can be said that a combination of cell phones and personal digital assistant (PDA). It facilitates to make telephone calls, but also adds in feature that might find on a personal digital assistant. Some of the key features in smart phones are operating system, software, web access, QWERTY keyboard and messaging. (Cassavoy, 2010) Generally Smartphone based on operating system completely different than normal cell phones. For example BlackBerry Smartphone runs BlackBerry OS, and other devices use Palm OS, Windows Mobile and so on. The another feature, software in Smartphone allows user to do more function than the cell phone like creating, editing Microsoft office document, downloading documents, editing photos and driving direction via GPS, creating playlist of digital tunes. In addition, Smartphone allows accessing the web at higher speed. The addition of Wi-Fi is really a smart feature in Smartphone. The QWERTY keyboard in Smartphone is another attractive feature. User can use keyboard as in his/her own PCs and Laptop. All cell phones can send and receive text message, but what makes a Smartphone apart is its handling of e-mail. It can sync with personal and sometimes, professional e-mail account. (Cassavoy, 2010) The main reason that Smartphone becoming a popular device is because of greater functionality is built-in, Smartphones can do things much more quickly than the normal cell phones and personal digital assistant (PDA) . Some of the benefits of Smartphone are as follows: Stay connected: The main advantage of the having Smartphone is mobile access to the internet using Wi-Fi or cellular network. This also helps to keep the user connected with the social networks. It also provides the internet search engine to get useful information from internet. (Mark, 2010) Keep in touch: Smartphone is helpful in many ways. Users can receive, read and reply email instantly. It helps the users to be in touch. (Mark, 2010) Get organized: Another important feature of the Smartphone is it helps to be organized such as a personal digital assistant does. Powerful memory capacity and High speed processor makes Smartphone equipped with an address, book, calendar, calculator, voice recorder and note pad that helps in users personal and professional life run smoothly. (Mark, 2010) Business: Users are able to work outside of their office with the help of Smartphone. Generally Smartphone have word processing capabilities, spreadsheet and database programs. This will help the users professional business life. (Mark, 2010) Some other advantages are as below: Smartphone can function as personal organisers, with electronic version of diaries, contact list and reminders. (is4profit, 2010) User can enjoy flexible working environment. Its like taking notes, reviewing and editing appointments, contact and important documents, all while users are on the move. (is4profit, 2010) It allows information sharing. More data can be received and transmitted via Smartphone such as e-mail attachments or data files from websites. (is4profit, 2010) The greater functionality; now user can use cameras with immediate snap and send functionality. A remote user can send MMS or share photograph with others immediately. (is4profit, 2010) Faster communication: Web access is quicker in Smartphone than in previous device. It is very easy to access e-mail and information from the internet.(is4profit, 2010) Analysis and Conclusion: The costumers expectation is rising day by day about Smartphone, todays Smartphone user expects a device to not only offer leading hardware and software function, but need to be more customizable than ever before, through availability of downloadable mobile application varieties. (Byrne, 2010) Most cell phone users were pleased with clear voice calls, texting and games before the mobile phones became smart. The users didnt expect availability of 3G/ 4G web, 1 Ghz speed of processors, high definition video, social networking GPS map, higher megapixel cameras, high quality sound, mobile application and high resolution screen. Now most of these features are in Smartphone like iPhone, BlackBerry etc. (MobileBeyond, 2010) Smartphone are important for consumers as well as to IT professionals. The internet world is moving from web 2.0 to web 3.0, the Integration of all the media internet access by mobile device will be grown up. In Appearance, Smartphone are small and environmentally friendly and it is because they require less energy and less raw material consumption. There is high possibility of Smartphone used in information economy by IT professional. (Horton, 2009) The competition is increasing day by day and the people are demanding Smartphone at the lowest price. Companies are fighting for higher market share. So it can be clearly analysed the Smartphone will be the one thing that almost every people will have in future. However, the satisfaction using Smartphone will only improve if mobile companies bring out hardware and software application that perform flawlessly and provide best value and choice. (MobileBeyond, 2010) In conclusion, the advance features, the capabilities of the Smartphone, and the growing demand bring them to one of the popular digital devices almost people will have. Question 2: Evaluate the role of e-commerce and web 2.0 technologies in eBays and Amazons increased popularity? E-commerce is growing rapidly nowadays. The transaction of business and trade are going online rather than manual one. Most of the buyer looks internet at a glance when he/she feels to shop. The internet trend for business or say e-commerce is thus becoming more popular. Ebay and Amazon are becoming one of the frequently used methods in e-commerce trend. These two methods of e-commerce are different in nature but somehow they are similar in dealing business operation. Both of them are using e-commerce and web 2.0 technologies. (CommunicateBetter, 2009) Web 2.0 technology and the e-commerce are very much important for the eBay and Amazon. Before that the difference between the eBay and Amazon also play a vital role in buyers mind. eBay are better option than Amazon for some field where as Amazon also better in some other fields. Generally we can find auction sale on eBay where the price can be bargained among the buyer and seller where as the Amazon is fixed in price of the product it offers. The bargaining option is not available in Amazon. (CommunicateBetter, 2009) Web 2.0 is a trend that promote around using interactive, community-driven sites for information sharing, networking among users. For instance, blogs and wikis along with Digg, Reddit. Customers are now able to interact with the business organization which enhance the companys succession. Now Web 2.0 is removing the dull, static websites in previous time. Customer can play active role, they can interact with the website content and get involved in ways that were not possible in previous time. (CommunicateBetter, 2009) The Role of E- commerce: Web 2.0 feature in e-commerce are the advantageous for Amazon and eBay. This provides free blogging application that can be considered as web 2.0 pioneers and they are free of charge. Another important role is multimedia support, where the rich feature can be incorporated to enhance the customer experience such as Flash and Silverlight. The core of Web 2.0 is social networking, e-commerce host the features such as chat scripts and bulletin boards enhance to create a community environment. (CommunicateBetter, 2009) Revolutionary changes are happening in online environment. New web technologies are giving a better interactive shopping experience on buyers side. With the advancement, Web 2.0 is offering a good perception among the customers. The business has only two options, either they have to meet the growing expectation or they have to lose them to another site. (Fry, 2011) The Web 2.0 supports the high level of interaction on web site and similarly the buyer also expect the same level of interaction when they go shopping online. There has been occurred fundamental changes in measuring, the tracker or say analyst start to measure its effectiveness in terms of time spent on the web rather than just the traditional count of page views. Web pages are relying on AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) technology, this offers to streaming media to serve new content without reloading individual web pages. This changes in web technology is altering the way of online shopping. Almost, none of the customer want to wait for the next page to load after click, they want single-page browsing and checkout process that ultimately saves time, reduces frustration and shopping cart abandonment. (Fry, 2011) In Web 2.0 technology the AJAX technology pulls relevant data forward flawlessly and helps them to smooth, consistent view and interaction. This can also help the customer to select the items frequently viewed, to view user generated reviews, product demonstration, assembling and tagging product with additional keywords. (Fry, 2011) .The web 2.0 is also offering pairing items from different brands and company. For example a buyer can now look to pair up similar items from different brands and sites. Similarly in Amazon, they are also able to help the customer to add their product in wish list and after that they can add to the basket so that the targeted product can be come up with details and can be easily found remaining on the same web page. (Fry, 2011) We cannot neglect the E-commerce aspect while talking about the Amazon and eBay. Not only the web 2.0 is important for the eBay and Amazon but also the role of E-commerce arise equally. The order acquisition, transaction of payment, delivery of the product in internet is the E-commerce. The Amazon seller must use Amazon payments to accept the payment. Amazon collects the payment made by the buyer and deposits it into bank, where as eBay use different payment method to make transaction deal. Such as Pay pal. (Bromley, 2010) Amazon and eBay, both are using Web 2.0 version technology on their sites. eBay provides different photo view of the product as well as the animation of the product feature to attract its customer but in Amazon, only few photos are available to its customer because they want to make sure their customer that they do business in reality for that if the ordered product is different and goes wrong they provide return policy to their customer. (Bromley, 2010) Conclusion: The role of Web 2.0 and E-commerce in Amazon and eBay is very crucial to their succession and popularity. The trend of online business (e-commerce) and latest web technology (web 2.0) is one of the important aspects of the business environment. To survive in global intense competition the business has to cope with the E-commerce and has to prepare online strategy. Hence, the e-commerce and web 2.0 technologies are one of most important reason for the success of Amazon and eBay business.

New Meaning to Broumas Little Red Riding Hood :: Little Red Riding Hood

New Meaning to Broumas' Little Red Riding Hood  Ã‚   There is more to Broumas' Little Red Riding Hood than meets the eye, or perhaps that is exactly where the analysis comes into play because the formalistic approach of analyzing literature consists of looking at a piece of literature and stating what is obviously there. The formalistic approach does give the work a deeper meaning than it first had, but the details are usually plain and easily noticeable. Generally they are very obvious, thus easily overlooked. The formalistic approach may be limited to pointing out the continual use of one word, but after noticing this fact a new meaning must be found as well. The reader is able to develop a broader understanding to Broumas' Little Red Riding Hood after using the formalistic approach to delve deeper into the poem. The formalistic approach reveals Broumas' use of repetition and choice of words give extra significance to her poem Little Red Riding Hood. The easiest way to set about using the formalistic approach is to first read the poem paying careful attention to repetition, breaks, and description that may not have been noticed during the first reading. Using this technique on Little Red Riding Hood reveals an emphasis placed on the word old. Broumas writes, I grow old, old Without you, Mother, landscape Of my heart. The use of old can be read in two different ways. One approach could place more emphasis on the repetition of old, whereas the other could draw it toward "old without you." Either way it is read one realizes that the author is growing old without her mother. However reading it the first way adds about ten more years to her life because she is very old. The second way can be taken to literally mean that the author is a lot older without her mother. The description of her mother foreshadows a strict parent. It takes a lot of work to landscape a yard, and if the mother landscaped her daughter's heart it took a lot of work and a lot of rules. Broumas continues the poem with a description of her mother giving birth. She uses phrases like "stretching it like a wishbone", "skin strung on a bow", and "tightened against the pain" to reveal to the reader that labor is not easy, in fact just the opposite because it is strenuous and very difficult. New Meaning to Broumas' Little Red Riding Hood :: Little Red Riding Hood New Meaning to Broumas' Little Red Riding Hood  Ã‚   There is more to Broumas' Little Red Riding Hood than meets the eye, or perhaps that is exactly where the analysis comes into play because the formalistic approach of analyzing literature consists of looking at a piece of literature and stating what is obviously there. The formalistic approach does give the work a deeper meaning than it first had, but the details are usually plain and easily noticeable. Generally they are very obvious, thus easily overlooked. The formalistic approach may be limited to pointing out the continual use of one word, but after noticing this fact a new meaning must be found as well. The reader is able to develop a broader understanding to Broumas' Little Red Riding Hood after using the formalistic approach to delve deeper into the poem. The formalistic approach reveals Broumas' use of repetition and choice of words give extra significance to her poem Little Red Riding Hood. The easiest way to set about using the formalistic approach is to first read the poem paying careful attention to repetition, breaks, and description that may not have been noticed during the first reading. Using this technique on Little Red Riding Hood reveals an emphasis placed on the word old. Broumas writes, I grow old, old Without you, Mother, landscape Of my heart. The use of old can be read in two different ways. One approach could place more emphasis on the repetition of old, whereas the other could draw it toward "old without you." Either way it is read one realizes that the author is growing old without her mother. However reading it the first way adds about ten more years to her life because she is very old. The second way can be taken to literally mean that the author is a lot older without her mother. The description of her mother foreshadows a strict parent. It takes a lot of work to landscape a yard, and if the mother landscaped her daughter's heart it took a lot of work and a lot of rules. Broumas continues the poem with a description of her mother giving birth. She uses phrases like "stretching it like a wishbone", "skin strung on a bow", and "tightened against the pain" to reveal to the reader that labor is not easy, in fact just the opposite because it is strenuous and very difficult.

Magnetic Therapy :: Medicine Medical Papers

Magnetic Therapy As we continue to develop as a society, more and more people are looking for newer methods to help themselves become and stay healthy. One of the ways we have done this was to emulate remedies of the past. A good example of this would be the use of magnets. Magnets were used in early civilizations across the globe. The use of magnets has been found in medical journals of the early Chinese. The Ancient Greeks used magnetic rocks, lodestone, as a healing tool (http://www.magicnet.net/~daw/html/modern.html). Up till today the popularity of magnets has grown tremendously. The idea of magnetic therapy has caught the interest of the public mainly because of its ability to treat pain without the use of drugs or the invasive techniques of surgery. How do they work? There have been many logical explanations as to how the magnets operate. One explanation for the success of magnetic therapy has been how they utilize the cell’s magnetic field. When a disease invades the body, it disrupts the magnetic fields causing them to become disoriented within the cells. Magnets help realign these fields causing them to be an important factor in counteracting the disease (http://www.healthy.net/hwlibrarynewsletters/update/magnets.htm). Magnets also increase blood circulation by attracting and repelling the charged particles within each cell. The improved circulation increases the amount of heat produced within the body and allows the rapid passage of nutrients and oxygen to the affected site, speeding up the healing process. (http://www.healthy.net/hwlibrarynewsletters/update/magnetsports.htm). The heat produced also helps reduce swelling in the affected areas of the body All the explanations hold nature as the foundation supporting the healing powers of magnets. They work with our body to induce natural healing without side effects, which might account for its growing popularity. Dr. H.L. Bansal points out that the body contains approximately 4-5 grams of iron; in the blood, in a part called hemoglobin, and in muscles, in a part called myoglobin. Using a magnet increases the movement of hemoglobin, which also accelerates blood flow. While the blood flow increases, deposits alongside blood vessels are decreased and eventually vanish. Making these deposits vanish causes blood to flow smoothly also decrease your risk for high blood pressure (http://home.

Aeeta Riddles

The first one was written by the Etas language and followed by an English translation. The answer key follows: 1. Multimedia It wears a crown but isn't a queen It has scales but isn't a fish. 2 . Cassini nag pià ±atas in Pap Nag mismanage you lulu an? There Is a cave with a bolo In It Full of bones It Isn't a grave. 3. Ajar Tanganyika nag nick Away Piccalilli. When you cut it It is mended without a scar. 4. Appeal Gait Awn an did maillot. The thigh of Gatherer all scrape at. 5. Bulgarian aka Agenda Lilliputian mammal. Black stone at Agenda, surrounded by little fishes. 1 OFFThis creature never leaves unless he brings his home. 7. Nu baby ay canvassing; nu areola ay mammalian. It is noisy when shallow, and silent when deep. 8. Nu Babylonian ay embedded. If I open it, it gossips. 9. You Anza y gaff an capacity an nanas. The child is the cause of his mother's death. 10. Nu gaff eBay, nu aha totals Sea by night, tube by day. 1 1 . Nu maturated, attendant, nu metadata, phobia. Standing i t is short, sitting it is tall. 12. Ana data sinology name Mikado nu mature. There's a creature that does not close its eyes when asleep. 13. Incur sauna, manmade Anatolia.If he says he goes, he means he comes. 14. Goanna nu using y mama; managerial pay sill y mina. If you pull your daddy's penis, your mommy's vagina screams too. 15. Cabana you nag an; nasals-assist you Allan an. Inside is full of stones, outside is full of thorns. 16. Titian is canny; dude meme Maida-tit. You stare at it often, yet you never have seen it. 17. Citation SE gaffing; Inca SE anion. Come now, it is dark; go now, it's dawn. 18. Immaculate-latte, mean macaroon. It Jumps and Jumps but cannot move out of its place. 19. Nu manure ay mallow, nu unanimous ay maybug.If it comes it's slow, if it goes up, it's fast. 20. Asana way packet data queue lag. 21 . Is like a managing, ambulated; cabling cue managing, amphibians. Before meals, I am full, after meals I am hungry. ANSWERS 1. Pippin (Pineapple) Simi ( Mouth) 2. 3. Datum (Water) 4. Honey 5. Mortar 6. Adage (turtle) mahatma (river) 7. 8. Bionic (fan) 9. Baht (bananas) 10. AFC (mat) 11. Tat (dog) 12. Durum (grasshopper) 13. Load (shrimp) 14. Company (bell) 15. Imaging Kiwifruit) 16. Sinai (sun) sawing (window) 17. Making (sewing machine) 18. 19. Duggan (booger) 20. Cop (cup) 21 . Caldera (kettle, pot) 1.Mandamuses A instantiating. There is a cave with a bolo in it Full of bones it isn't a grave. Away piccalilli. The thigh of Gait, where all scrape at. 6. Ion sinology, name manna nu name, pan ion bally an. There's a creature that does not close its eyes when asleep. 13. Incur sauna, gammed Anatolia. If you pull your daddy's penis, your mommy's vagina screams too. Inside is full of stones, outside is full of thorns. 16. Titian is canny; dude meme Maida-tit. It Jumps and Jumps but cannot move out of its place. 19. Nu manure ay mallow, nu unanimous ay maybug. Who is he that has but one ear?